A Transiting, Temperate Mini-Neptune Orbiting the M Dwarf TOI-1759 Unveiled by TESS

Néstor Espinoza; Enric Pallé; Jonas Kemmer; Rafael Luque; José A. Caballero; Carlos Cifuentes; Enrique Herrero; Víctor J. Sánchez Béjar; Stephan Stock; Karan Molaverdikhani; Giuseppe Morello; Diana Kossakowski; Martin Schlecker; Pedro J. Amado; Paz Bluhm; Miriam Cortés-Contreras; Thomas Henning; Laura Kreidberg; Martin Kürster; Marina Lafarga; Nicolas Lodieu; Juan Carlos Morales; Mahmoudreza Oshagh; Vera M. Passegger; Alexey Pavlov; Andreas Quirrenbach; Sabine Reffert; Ansgar Reiners; Ignasi Ribas; Eloy Rodríguez; Cristina Rodríguez López; Andreas Schweitzer; Trifon Trifonov; Priyanka Chaturvedi; Stefan Dreizler; Sandra V. Jeffers; Adrian Kaminski; María José López-González; Jorge Lillo-Box; David Montes; Grzegorz Nowak; Santos Pedraz; Siegfried Vanaverbeke; Maria R. Zapatero Osorio; Mathias Zechmeister; Karen A. Collins; Eric Girardin; Pere Guerra; Ramon Naves; Ian J.M. Crossfield; Elisabeth C. Matthews; Steve B. Howell; David R. Ciardi; Erica Gonzales; Rachel A. Matson; Charles A. Beichman; Joshua E. Schlieder; Thomas Barclay; Michael Vezie; Jesus Noel Villaseñor; Tansu Daylan; Ismael Mireies; Diana Dragomir; Joseph D. Twicken; Jon Jenkins; Joshua N. Winn; David Latham; George Ricker; Sara Seager

doi:https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac4af0

A Transiting, Temperate Mini-Neptune Orbiting the M Dwarf TOI-1759 Unveiled by TESS

Néstor Espinoza, Enric Pallé, Jonas Kemmer, Rafael Luque, José A. Caballero, Carlos Cifuentes, Enrique Herrero, Víctor J. Sánchez Béjar, Stephan Stock, Karan Molaverdikhani, Giuseppe Morello, Diana Kossakowski, Martin Schlecker, Pedro J. Amado, Paz Bluhm, Miriam Cortés-Contreras, Thomas Henning, Laura Kreidberg, Martin Kürster, Marina LafargaNicolas Lodieu, Juan Carlos Morales, Mahmoudreza Oshagh, Vera M. Passegger, Alexey Pavlov, Andreas Quirrenbach, Sabine Reffert, Ansgar Reiners, Ignasi Ribas, Eloy Rodríguez, Cristina Rodríguez López, Andreas Schweitzer, Trifon Trifonov, Priyanka Chaturvedi, Stefan Dreizler, Sandra V. Jeffers, Adrian Kaminski, María José López-González, Jorge Lillo-Box, David Montes, Grzegorz Nowak, Santos Pedraz, Siegfried Vanaverbeke, Maria R. Zapatero Osorio, Mathias Zechmeister, Karen A. Collins, Eric Girardin, Pere Guerra, Ramon Naves, Ian J.M. Crossfield, Elisabeth C. Matthews, Steve B. Howell, David R. Ciardi, Erica Gonzales, Rachel A. Matson, Charles A. Beichman, Joshua E. Schlieder, Thomas Barclay, Michael Vezie, Jesus Noel Villaseñor, Tansu Daylan, Ismael Mireies, Diana Dragomir, Joseph D. Twicken, Jon Jenkins, Joshua N. Winn, David Latham, George Ricker, Sara Seager

Astrophysical Sciences

Princeton University

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

We report the discovery and characterization of TOI-1759 b, a temperate (400 K) sub-Neptune-sized exoplanet orbiting the M dwarf TOI-1759 (TIC 408636441). TOI-1759 b was observed by TESS to transit in Sectors 16, 17, and 24, with only one transit observed per sector, creating an ambiguity regarding the orbital period of the planet candidate. Ground-based photometric observations, combined with radial-velocity measurements obtained with the CARMENES spectrograph, confirm an actual period of 18.85019 ± 0.00014 days. A joint analysis of all available photometry and radial velocities reveals a radius of 3.17 ± 0.10 R and a mass of 10.8 ± 1.5 M. Combining this with the stellar properties derived for TOI-1759 (R = 0.597 ± 0.015 R; M = 0.606 ± 0.020 M; T eff = 4065 ± 51 K), we compute a transmission spectroscopic metric (TSM) value of over 80 for the planet, making it a good target for transmission spectroscopy studies. TOI-1759 b is among the top five temperate, small exoplanets (T eq < 500 K, R p < 4 R) with the highest TSM discovered to date. Two additional signals with periods of 80 days and >200 days seem to be present in our radial velocities. While our data suggest both could arise from stellar activity, the later signal's source and periodicity are hard to pinpoint given the ∼200 days baseline of our radial-velocity campaign with CARMENES. Longer baseline radial-velocity campaigns should be performed in order to unveil the true nature of this long-period signal.

Original language	American English
Article number	133
Journal	Astronomical Journal
Volume	163
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac4af0
State	Published - Mar 1 2022

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

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https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac4af0

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Espinoza, N., Pallé, E., Kemmer, J., Luque, R., Caballero, J. A., Cifuentes, C., Herrero, E., Sánchez Béjar, V. J., Stock, S., Molaverdikhani, K., Morello, G., Kossakowski, D., Schlecker, M., Amado, P. J., Bluhm, P., Cortés-Contreras, M., Henning, T., Kreidberg, L., Kürster, M., ... Seager, S. (2022). A Transiting, Temperate Mini-Neptune Orbiting the M Dwarf TOI-1759 Unveiled by TESS. Astronomical Journal, 163(3), Article 133. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac4af0

@article{5700113d821f4b1f9dd5dad51519989f,

title = "A Transiting, Temperate Mini-Neptune Orbiting the M Dwarf TOI-1759 Unveiled by TESS",

abstract = "We report the discovery and characterization of TOI-1759 b, a temperate (400 K) sub-Neptune-sized exoplanet orbiting the M dwarf TOI-1759 (TIC 408636441). TOI-1759 b was observed by TESS to transit in Sectors 16, 17, and 24, with only one transit observed per sector, creating an ambiguity regarding the orbital period of the planet candidate. Ground-based photometric observations, combined with radial-velocity measurements obtained with the CARMENES spectrograph, confirm an actual period of 18.85019 ± 0.00014 days. A joint analysis of all available photometry and radial velocities reveals a radius of 3.17 ± 0.10 R and a mass of 10.8 ± 1.5 M. Combining this with the stellar properties derived for TOI-1759 (R = 0.597 ± 0.015 R; M = 0.606 ± 0.020 M; T eff = 4065 ± 51 K), we compute a transmission spectroscopic metric (TSM) value of over 80 for the planet, making it a good target for transmission spectroscopy studies. TOI-1759 b is among the top five temperate, small exoplanets (T eq < 500 K, R p < 4 R) with the highest TSM discovered to date. Two additional signals with periods of 80 days and >200 days seem to be present in our radial velocities. While our data suggest both could arise from stellar activity, the later signal's source and periodicity are hard to pinpoint given the ∼200 days baseline of our radial-velocity campaign with CARMENES. Longer baseline radial-velocity campaigns should be performed in order to unveil the true nature of this long-period signal.",

author = "N{\'e}stor Espinoza and Enric Pall{\'e} and Jonas Kemmer and Rafael Luque and Caballero, {Jos{\'e} A.} and Carlos Cifuentes and Enrique Herrero and {S{\'a}nchez B{\'e}jar}, {V{\'i}ctor J.} and Stephan Stock and Karan Molaverdikhani and Giuseppe Morello and Diana Kossakowski and Martin Schlecker and Amado, {Pedro J.} and Paz Bluhm and Miriam Cort{\'e}s-Contreras and Thomas Henning and Laura Kreidberg and Martin K{\"u}rster and Marina Lafarga and Nicolas Lodieu and Morales, {Juan Carlos} and Mahmoudreza Oshagh and Passegger, {Vera M.} and Alexey Pavlov and Andreas Quirrenbach and Sabine Reffert and Ansgar Reiners and Ignasi Ribas and Eloy Rodr{\'i}guez and L{\'o}pez, {Cristina Rodr{\'i}guez} and Andreas Schweitzer and Trifon Trifonov and Priyanka Chaturvedi and Stefan Dreizler and Jeffers, {Sandra V.} and Adrian Kaminski and L{\'o}pez-Gonz{\'a}lez, {Mar{\'i}a Jos{\'e}} and Jorge Lillo-Box and David Montes and Grzegorz Nowak and Santos Pedraz and Siegfried Vanaverbeke and {Zapatero Osorio}, {Maria R.} and Mathias Zechmeister and Collins, {Karen A.} and Eric Girardin and Pere Guerra and Ramon Naves and Crossfield, {Ian J.M.} and Matthews, {Elisabeth C.} and Howell, {Steve B.} and Ciardi, {David R.} and Erica Gonzales and Matson, {Rachel A.} and Beichman, {Charles A.} and Schlieder, {Joshua E.} and Thomas Barclay and Michael Vezie and Villase{\~n}or, {Jesus Noel} and Tansu Daylan and Ismael Mireies and Diana Dragomir and Twicken, {Joseph D.} and Jon Jenkins and Winn, {Joshua N.} and David Latham and George Ricker and Sara Seager",

note = "Funding Information: CARMENES is an instrument at the Centro Astron{\'o}mico Hispano-Alem{\'a}n (CAHA) at Calar Alto (Almer{\'i}a, Spain), operated jointly by the Junta de Andaluc{\'i}a and the Instituto de Astrof{\'i}sica de Andaluc{\'i}a (CSIC). CARMENES was funded by the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft (MPG), the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient{\'i}ficas (CSIC), the Ministerio de Econom{\'i}a y Competitividad (MINECO), and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through projects FICTS-2011-02, ICTS-2017-07-CAHA-4, and CAHA16-CE-3978, and the members of the CARMENES Consortium (Max-Planck-Institut f{\"u}r Astronomie, Instituto de Astrof{\'i}sica de Andaluc{\'i}a, Landessternwarte K{\"o}nigstuhl, Institut de Ci{\"e}ncies de l{\textquoteright}Espai, Institut f{\"u}r Astrophysik G{\"o}ttingen, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Th{\"u}ringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg, Instituto de Astrof{\'i}sica de Canarias, Hamburger Sternwarte, Centro de Astrobiolog{\'i}a, and Centro Astron{\'o}mico Hispano-Alem{\'a}n), with additional contributions by the MINECO, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft through the Major Research Instrumentation Programme and Research Unit FOR2544 “Blue Planets around Red Stars,” the Klaus Tschira Stiftung, the states of Baden-W{\"u}rttemberg and Niedersachsen, and by the Junta de Andaluc{\'i}a. This work was based on data from the CARMENES data archive at CAB (CSIC-INTA). We acknowledge financial support from the Agencia Estatal de Investigaci{\'o}n of the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci{\'o}n y Universidades and the ERDF through projects PID2019-109522GB-C5[1:4], PGC2018-098153-B-C33, AYA2018-84089, PID2019-107061GB-C64, PID2019-110689RB-100, AYA2016-79425-C3-1/2/3-P, and BES-2017-080769, and the Centre of Excellence “Severo Ochoa” and “Mar{\'i}a de Maeztu” awards to the Instituto de Astrof{\'i}sica de Canarias (CEX2019-000920-S), Instituto de Astrof{\'i}sica de Andaluc{\'i}a (SEV-2017-0709), and Centro de Astrobiolog{\'i}a (MDM-2017-0737), NASA (NNX17AG24G), and the Generalitat de Catalunya/CERCA program. Data were partly collected with the 90 cm telescope at the Sierra Nevada Observatory (SNO) operated by the Instituto de Astrof{\'i} fica de Andaluc{\'i} a (IAA, CSIC). We acknowledge the telescope operators from the Sierra Nevada Observatory for their support. G.M. has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 895525. This research has made use of the NASA Exoplanet Archive, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under the Exoplanet Exploration Program. We acknowledge the use of public TESS data from pipelines at the TESS Science Office and at the TESS Science Processing Operations Center. Resources supporting this work were provided by the NASA High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division at Ames Research Center for the production of the SPOC data products. The authors wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Maunakea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.",

year = "2022",

month = mar,

day = "1",

doi = "https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac4af0",

language = "American English",

volume = "163",

journal = "Astronomical Journal",

issn = "0004-6256",

publisher = "IOP Publishing Ltd.",

number = "3",

}

Espinoza, N, Pallé, E, Kemmer, J, Luque, R, Caballero, JA, Cifuentes, C, Herrero, E, Sánchez Béjar, VJ, Stock, S, Molaverdikhani, K, Morello, G, Kossakowski, D, Schlecker, M, Amado, PJ, Bluhm, P, Cortés-Contreras, M, Henning, T, Kreidberg, L, Kürster, M, Lafarga, M, Lodieu, N, Morales, JC, Oshagh, M, Passegger, VM, Pavlov, A, Quirrenbach, A, Reffert, S, Reiners, A, Ribas, I, Rodríguez, E, López, CR, Schweitzer, A, Trifonov, T, Chaturvedi, P, Dreizler, S, Jeffers, SV, Kaminski, A, López-González, MJ, Lillo-Box, J, Montes, D, Nowak, G, Pedraz, S, Vanaverbeke, S, Zapatero Osorio, MR, Zechmeister, M, Collins, KA, Girardin, E, Guerra, P, Naves, R, Crossfield, IJM, Matthews, EC, Howell, SB, Ciardi, DR, Gonzales, E, Matson, RA, Beichman, CA, Schlieder, JE, Barclay, T, Vezie, M, Villaseñor, JN, Daylan, T, Mireies, I, Dragomir, D, Twicken, JD, Jenkins, J, Winn, JN, Latham, D, Ricker, G & Seager, S 2022, 'A Transiting, Temperate Mini-Neptune Orbiting the M Dwarf TOI-1759 Unveiled by TESS', Astronomical Journal, vol. 163, no. 3, 133. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac4af0

TY - JOUR

T1 - A Transiting, Temperate Mini-Neptune Orbiting the M Dwarf TOI-1759 Unveiled by TESS

AU - Espinoza, Néstor

AU - Pallé, Enric

AU - Kemmer, Jonas

AU - Luque, Rafael

AU - Caballero, José A.

AU - Cifuentes, Carlos

AU - Herrero, Enrique

AU - Sánchez Béjar, Víctor J.

AU - Stock, Stephan

AU - Molaverdikhani, Karan

AU - Morello, Giuseppe

AU - Kossakowski, Diana

AU - Schlecker, Martin

AU - Amado, Pedro J.

AU - Bluhm, Paz

AU - Cortés-Contreras, Miriam

AU - Henning, Thomas

AU - Kreidberg, Laura

AU - Kürster, Martin

AU - Lafarga, Marina

AU - Lodieu, Nicolas

AU - Morales, Juan Carlos

AU - Oshagh, Mahmoudreza

AU - Passegger, Vera M.

AU - Pavlov, Alexey

AU - Quirrenbach, Andreas

AU - Reffert, Sabine

AU - Reiners, Ansgar

AU - Ribas, Ignasi

AU - Rodríguez, Eloy

AU - López, Cristina Rodríguez

AU - Schweitzer, Andreas

AU - Trifonov, Trifon

AU - Chaturvedi, Priyanka

AU - Dreizler, Stefan

AU - Jeffers, Sandra V.

AU - Kaminski, Adrian

AU - López-González, María José

AU - Lillo-Box, Jorge

AU - Montes, David

AU - Nowak, Grzegorz

AU - Pedraz, Santos

AU - Vanaverbeke, Siegfried

AU - Zapatero Osorio, Maria R.

AU - Zechmeister, Mathias

AU - Collins, Karen A.

AU - Girardin, Eric

AU - Guerra, Pere

AU - Naves, Ramon

AU - Crossfield, Ian J.M.

AU - Matthews, Elisabeth C.

AU - Howell, Steve B.

AU - Ciardi, David R.

AU - Gonzales, Erica

AU - Matson, Rachel A.

AU - Beichman, Charles A.

AU - Schlieder, Joshua E.

AU - Barclay, Thomas

AU - Vezie, Michael

AU - Villaseñor, Jesus Noel

AU - Daylan, Tansu

AU - Mireies, Ismael

AU - Dragomir, Diana

AU - Twicken, Joseph D.

AU - Jenkins, Jon

AU - Winn, Joshua N.

AU - Latham, David

AU - Ricker, George

AU - Seager, Sara

N1 - Funding Information: CARMENES is an instrument at the Centro Astronómico Hispano-Alemán (CAHA) at Calar Alto (Almería, Spain), operated jointly by the Junta de Andalucía and the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (CSIC). CARMENES was funded by the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft (MPG), the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO), and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through projects FICTS-2011-02, ICTS-2017-07-CAHA-4, and CAHA16-CE-3978, and the members of the CARMENES Consortium (Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía, Landessternwarte Königstuhl, Institut de Ciëncies de l’Espai, Institut für Astrophysik Göttingen, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, Hamburger Sternwarte, Centro de Astrobiología, and Centro Astronómico Hispano-Alemán), with additional contributions by the MINECO, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft through the Major Research Instrumentation Programme and Research Unit FOR2544 “Blue Planets around Red Stars,” the Klaus Tschira Stiftung, the states of Baden-Württemberg and Niedersachsen, and by the Junta de Andalucía. This work was based on data from the CARMENES data archive at CAB (CSIC-INTA). We acknowledge financial support from the Agencia Estatal de Investigación of the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades and the ERDF through projects PID2019-109522GB-C5[1:4], PGC2018-098153-B-C33, AYA2018-84089, PID2019-107061GB-C64, PID2019-110689RB-100, AYA2016-79425-C3-1/2/3-P, and BES-2017-080769, and the Centre of Excellence “Severo Ochoa” and “María de Maeztu” awards to the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (CEX2019-000920-S), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (SEV-2017-0709), and Centro de Astrobiología (MDM-2017-0737), NASA (NNX17AG24G), and the Generalitat de Catalunya/CERCA program. Data were partly collected with the 90 cm telescope at the Sierra Nevada Observatory (SNO) operated by the Instituto de Astrofí fica de Andalucí a (IAA, CSIC). We acknowledge the telescope operators from the Sierra Nevada Observatory for their support. G.M. has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 895525. This research has made use of the NASA Exoplanet Archive, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under the Exoplanet Exploration Program. We acknowledge the use of public TESS data from pipelines at the TESS Science Office and at the TESS Science Processing Operations Center. Resources supporting this work were provided by the NASA High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division at Ames Research Center for the production of the SPOC data products. The authors wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Maunakea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. Publisher Copyright: © 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

PY - 2022/3/1

Y1 - 2022/3/1

N2 - We report the discovery and characterization of TOI-1759 b, a temperate (400 K) sub-Neptune-sized exoplanet orbiting the M dwarf TOI-1759 (TIC 408636441). TOI-1759 b was observed by TESS to transit in Sectors 16, 17, and 24, with only one transit observed per sector, creating an ambiguity regarding the orbital period of the planet candidate. Ground-based photometric observations, combined with radial-velocity measurements obtained with the CARMENES spectrograph, confirm an actual period of 18.85019 ± 0.00014 days. A joint analysis of all available photometry and radial velocities reveals a radius of 3.17 ± 0.10 R and a mass of 10.8 ± 1.5 M. Combining this with the stellar properties derived for TOI-1759 (R = 0.597 ± 0.015 R; M = 0.606 ± 0.020 M; T eff = 4065 ± 51 K), we compute a transmission spectroscopic metric (TSM) value of over 80 for the planet, making it a good target for transmission spectroscopy studies. TOI-1759 b is among the top five temperate, small exoplanets (T eq < 500 K, R p < 4 R) with the highest TSM discovered to date. Two additional signals with periods of 80 days and >200 days seem to be present in our radial velocities. While our data suggest both could arise from stellar activity, the later signal's source and periodicity are hard to pinpoint given the ∼200 days baseline of our radial-velocity campaign with CARMENES. Longer baseline radial-velocity campaigns should be performed in order to unveil the true nature of this long-period signal.

AB - We report the discovery and characterization of TOI-1759 b, a temperate (400 K) sub-Neptune-sized exoplanet orbiting the M dwarf TOI-1759 (TIC 408636441). TOI-1759 b was observed by TESS to transit in Sectors 16, 17, and 24, with only one transit observed per sector, creating an ambiguity regarding the orbital period of the planet candidate. Ground-based photometric observations, combined with radial-velocity measurements obtained with the CARMENES spectrograph, confirm an actual period of 18.85019 ± 0.00014 days. A joint analysis of all available photometry and radial velocities reveals a radius of 3.17 ± 0.10 R and a mass of 10.8 ± 1.5 M. Combining this with the stellar properties derived for TOI-1759 (R = 0.597 ± 0.015 R; M = 0.606 ± 0.020 M; T eff = 4065 ± 51 K), we compute a transmission spectroscopic metric (TSM) value of over 80 for the planet, making it a good target for transmission spectroscopy studies. TOI-1759 b is among the top five temperate, small exoplanets (T eq < 500 K, R p < 4 R) with the highest TSM discovered to date. Two additional signals with periods of 80 days and >200 days seem to be present in our radial velocities. While our data suggest both could arise from stellar activity, the later signal's source and periodicity are hard to pinpoint given the ∼200 days baseline of our radial-velocity campaign with CARMENES. Longer baseline radial-velocity campaigns should be performed in order to unveil the true nature of this long-period signal.

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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85125747136&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac4af0

DO - https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac4af0

M3 - Article

SN - 0004-6256

VL - 163

JO - Astronomical Journal

JF - Astronomical Journal

IS - 3

M1 - 133

ER -

A Transiting, Temperate Mini-Neptune Orbiting the M Dwarf TOI-1759 Unveiled by TESS

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