Circadian Regulation of Sleep: From Genes to Circuits

TY - CHAP

T1 - Circadian Regulation of Sleep

T2 - From Genes to Circuits

AU - Hameed, Naureen A.

AU - Barber, Annika F.

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

PY - 2024/1/1

Y1 - 2024/1/1

N2 - The circadian clock is a genetically controlled transcriptional timing system that drives approximately 24-h rhythms in gene expression and consequently in physiology and behavior. At the molecular level, the circadian clock consists of a cell-autonomous transcription-translation feedback loop that maintains a 24-h cycle of gene expression. A master clock in the brain serves as a pacemaker for molecular clocks throughout the body to coordinate circadian rhythms with respect to one another and the external environment. Sleep is a circadian behavior, though sleep is coordinately regulated by both circadian and homeostatic processes. The interplay between brain clocks, clock output signals such as core body temperature and melatonin signaling, and sleep regulation are complex, and while research reveals some mechanistic underpinnings, other aspects require further research. Additional environmental factors regulating the clock and consequently sleep, include aging, circadian desynchrony, and immune activation. Finally, the circadian nature of so many physiological properties offers unique opportunities for chronotherapy for sleep and circadian disorders.

AB - The circadian clock is a genetically controlled transcriptional timing system that drives approximately 24-h rhythms in gene expression and consequently in physiology and behavior. At the molecular level, the circadian clock consists of a cell-autonomous transcription-translation feedback loop that maintains a 24-h cycle of gene expression. A master clock in the brain serves as a pacemaker for molecular clocks throughout the body to coordinate circadian rhythms with respect to one another and the external environment. Sleep is a circadian behavior, though sleep is coordinately regulated by both circadian and homeostatic processes. The interplay between brain clocks, clock output signals such as core body temperature and melatonin signaling, and sleep regulation are complex, and while research reveals some mechanistic underpinnings, other aspects require further research. Additional environmental factors regulating the clock and consequently sleep, include aging, circadian desynchrony, and immune activation. Finally, the circadian nature of so many physiological properties offers unique opportunities for chronotherapy for sleep and circadian disorders.

KW - Chronobiology

KW - Circadian rhythm

KW - Clock genes

KW - Entrainment

KW - Suprachiasmatic nucleus

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85213777274&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85213777274&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1007/978-3-031-62723-1_14

DO - 10.1007/978-3-031-62723-1_14

M3 - Chapter

SN - 9783031627224

SP - 343

EP - 392

BT - Genetics of Sleep and Sleep Disorders

PB - Springer International Publishing

ER -