Evidence for a single loss of mineralized teeth in the common avian ancestor

TY - JOUR

T1 - Evidence for a single loss of mineralized teeth in the common avian ancestor

AU - Meredith, Robert W.

AU - Zhang, Guojie

AU - Gilbert, M. Thomas P.

AU - Jarvis, Erich D.

AU - Springer, Mark S.

PY - 2014/12/12

Y1 - 2014/12/12

N2 - Edentulism, the absence of teeth, has evolved convergently among vertebrates, including birds, turtles, and several lineages of mammals. Instead of teeth, modern birds (Neornithes) use a horny beak (rhamphotheca) and a muscular gizzard to acquire and process food.We performed comparative genomic analyses representing lineages of nearly all extant bird orders and recovered shared, inactivating mutations within genes expressed in both the enamel and dentin of teeth of other vertebrate species, indicating that the common ancestor of modern birds lacked mineralized teeth.We estimate that tooth loss, or at least the loss of enamel caps that provide the outer layer of mineralized teeth, occurred about 116 million years ago.

AB - Edentulism, the absence of teeth, has evolved convergently among vertebrates, including birds, turtles, and several lineages of mammals. Instead of teeth, modern birds (Neornithes) use a horny beak (rhamphotheca) and a muscular gizzard to acquire and process food.We performed comparative genomic analyses representing lineages of nearly all extant bird orders and recovered shared, inactivating mutations within genes expressed in both the enamel and dentin of teeth of other vertebrate species, indicating that the common ancestor of modern birds lacked mineralized teeth.We estimate that tooth loss, or at least the loss of enamel caps that provide the outer layer of mineralized teeth, occurred about 116 million years ago.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/84917706498

U2 - 10.1126/science.1254390

DO - 10.1126/science.1254390

M3 - Article

C2 - 25504730

SN - 0036-8075

VL - 346

JO - Science

JF - Science

IS - 6215

M1 - 1254390

ER -