JWST/MIRI Observations of Newly Formed Dust in the Cold, Dense Shell of the Type IIn SN 2005ip

Melissa Shahbandeh; Ori D. Fox; Tea Temim; Eli Dwek; Arkaprabha Sarangi; Nathan Smith; Luc Dessart; Bryony Nickson; Michael Engesser; Alexei V. Filippenko; Thomas G. Brink; Wei Kang Zheng; Tamás Szalai; Joel Johansson; Armin Rest; Schuyler D. Van Dyk; Jennifer Andrews; Chris Ashall; Geoffrey C. Clayton; Ilse De Looze; James M. DerKacy; Michael Dulude; Ryan J. Foley; Suvi Gezari; Sebastian Gomez; Shireen Gonzaga; Siva Indukuri; Jacob Jencson; Mansi Kasliwal; Zachary G. Lane; Ryan Lau; David Law; Anthony Marston; Dan Milisavljevic; Richard O’Steen; Justin Pierel; Matthew Siebert; Michael Skrutskie; Lou Strolger; Samaporn Tinyanont; Qinan Wang; Brian Williams; Lin Xiao; Yi Yang; Szanna Zsíros

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/adce77

JWST/MIRI Observations of Newly Formed Dust in the Cold, Dense Shell of the Type IIn SN 2005ip

Melissa Shahbandeh, Ori D. Fox, Tea Temim, Eli Dwek, Arkaprabha Sarangi, Nathan Smith, Luc Dessart, Bryony Nickson, Michael Engesser, Alexei V. Filippenko, Thomas G. Brink, Wei Kang Zheng, Tamás Szalai, Joel Johansson, Armin Rest, Schuyler D. Van Dyk, Jennifer Andrews, Chris Ashall, Geoffrey C. Clayton, Ilse De LoozeJames M. DerKacy, Michael Dulude, Ryan J. Foley, Suvi Gezari, Sebastian Gomez, Shireen Gonzaga, Siva Indukuri, Jacob Jencson, Mansi Kasliwal, Zachary G. Lane, Ryan Lau, David Law, Anthony Marston, Dan Milisavljevic, Richard O’Steen, Justin Pierel, Matthew Siebert, Michael Skrutskie, Lou Strolger, Samaporn Tinyanont, Qinan Wang, Brian Williams, Lin Xiao, Yi Yang, Szanna Zsíros

Astrophysical Sciences

Princeton University

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Dust from core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe), specifically Type IIP supernovae (SNe IIP), has been suggested to be a significant source of the dust observed in high-redshift galaxies. CCSNe eject large amounts of newly formed heavy elements, which can condense into dust grains in the cooling ejecta. However, infrared (IR) observations of typical CCSNe generally measure dust masses that are too small to account for the dust production needed at high redshifts. Type IIn SNe (SNe IIn), classified by their dense circumstellar medium, are also known to exhibit strong IR emission from warm dust, but the dust origin and heating mechanism have generally remained unconstrained because of limited observational capabilities in the mid-IR (MIR). Here, we present a JWST/MIRI Medium Resolution Spectrograph spectrum of the SN IIn SN 2005ip nearly 17 yr post-explosion. The SN IIn SN 2005ip is one of the longest-lasting and most well-studied SNe observed to date. Combined with a Spitzer MIR spectrum of SN 2005ip obtained in 2008, this data set provides a rare 15 yr baseline, allowing for a unique investigation of the evolution of dust. The JWST spectrum shows the emergence of an optically thin silicate dust component (≳0.08 M_⊙) that is either not present or more compact/optically thick in the earlier Spitzer spectrum. Our analysis shows that this dust is likely newly formed in the cold, dense shell (CDS), between the forward and reverse shocks, and was not preexisting at the time of the explosion. There is also a smaller mass of carbonaceous dust (≳0.005 M_⊙) in the ejecta. These observations provide new insights into the role of SN dust production, particularly within the CDS, and its potential contribution to the rapid dust enrichment of the early Universe.

Original language	American English
Article number	262
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	985
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/adce77
State	Published - Jun 1 2025

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

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10.3847/1538-4357/adce77

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Shahbandeh, M., Fox, O. D., Temim, T., Dwek, E., Sarangi, A., Smith, N., Dessart, L., Nickson, B., Engesser, M., Filippenko, A. V., Brink, T. G., Zheng, W. K., Szalai, T., Johansson, J., Rest, A., Van Dyk, S. D., Andrews, J., Ashall, C., Clayton, G. C., ... Zsíros, S. (2025). JWST/MIRI Observations of Newly Formed Dust in the Cold, Dense Shell of the Type IIn SN 2005ip. Astrophysical Journal, 985(2), Article 262. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/adce77

@article{b809a3af240941b2a4344259c263f7c4,

title = "JWST/MIRI Observations of Newly Formed Dust in the Cold, Dense Shell of the Type IIn SN 2005ip",

abstract = "Dust from core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe), specifically Type IIP supernovae (SNe IIP), has been suggested to be a significant source of the dust observed in high-redshift galaxies. CCSNe eject large amounts of newly formed heavy elements, which can condense into dust grains in the cooling ejecta. However, infrared (IR) observations of typical CCSNe generally measure dust masses that are too small to account for the dust production needed at high redshifts. Type IIn SNe (SNe IIn), classified by their dense circumstellar medium, are also known to exhibit strong IR emission from warm dust, but the dust origin and heating mechanism have generally remained unconstrained because of limited observational capabilities in the mid-IR (MIR). Here, we present a JWST/MIRI Medium Resolution Spectrograph spectrum of the SN IIn SN 2005ip nearly 17 yr post-explosion. The SN IIn SN 2005ip is one of the longest-lasting and most well-studied SNe observed to date. Combined with a Spitzer MIR spectrum of SN 2005ip obtained in 2008, this data set provides a rare 15 yr baseline, allowing for a unique investigation of the evolution of dust. The JWST spectrum shows the emergence of an optically thin silicate dust component (≳0.08 M⊙) that is either not present or more compact/optically thick in the earlier Spitzer spectrum. Our analysis shows that this dust is likely newly formed in the cold, dense shell (CDS), between the forward and reverse shocks, and was not preexisting at the time of the explosion. There is also a smaller mass of carbonaceous dust (≳0.005 M⊙) in the ejecta. These observations provide new insights into the role of SN dust production, particularly within the CDS, and its potential contribution to the rapid dust enrichment of the early Universe.",

author = "Melissa Shahbandeh and Fox, {Ori D.} and Tea Temim and Eli Dwek and Arkaprabha Sarangi and Nathan Smith and Luc Dessart and Bryony Nickson and Michael Engesser and Filippenko, {Alexei V.} and Brink, {Thomas G.} and Zheng, {Wei Kang} and Tam{\'a}s Szalai and Joel Johansson and Armin Rest and {Van Dyk}, {Schuyler D.} and Jennifer Andrews and Chris Ashall and Clayton, {Geoffrey C.} and {De Looze}, Ilse and DerKacy, {James M.} and Michael Dulude and Foley, {Ryan J.} and Suvi Gezari and Sebastian Gomez and Shireen Gonzaga and Siva Indukuri and Jacob Jencson and Mansi Kasliwal and Lane, {Zachary G.} and Ryan Lau and David Law and Anthony Marston and Dan Milisavljevic and Richard O{\textquoteright}Steen and Justin Pierel and Matthew Siebert and Michael Skrutskie and Lou Strolger and Samaporn Tinyanont and Qinan Wang and Brian Williams and Lin Xiao and Yi Yang and Szanna Zs{\'i}ros",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2025. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.",

year = "2025",

month = jun,

day = "1",

doi = "10.3847/1538-4357/adce77",

language = "American English",

volume = "985",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal",

issn = "0004-637X",

publisher = "American Astronomical Society",

number = "2",

}

Shahbandeh, M, Fox, OD, Temim, T, Dwek, E, Sarangi, A, Smith, N, Dessart, L, Nickson, B, Engesser, M, Filippenko, AV, Brink, TG, Zheng, WK, Szalai, T, Johansson, J, Rest, A, Van Dyk, SD, Andrews, J, Ashall, C, Clayton, GC, De Looze, I, DerKacy, JM, Dulude, M, Foley, RJ, Gezari, S, Gomez, S, Gonzaga, S, Indukuri, S, Jencson, J, Kasliwal, M, Lane, ZG, Lau, R, Law, D, Marston, A, Milisavljevic, D, O’Steen, R, Pierel, J, Siebert, M, Skrutskie, M, Strolger, L, Tinyanont, S, Wang, Q, Williams, B, Xiao, L, Yang, Y & Zsíros, S 2025, 'JWST/MIRI Observations of Newly Formed Dust in the Cold, Dense Shell of the Type IIn SN 2005ip', Astrophysical Journal, vol. 985, no. 2, 262. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/adce77

TY - JOUR

T1 - JWST/MIRI Observations of Newly Formed Dust in the Cold, Dense Shell of the Type IIn SN 2005ip

AU - Shahbandeh, Melissa

AU - Fox, Ori D.

AU - Temim, Tea

AU - Dwek, Eli

AU - Sarangi, Arkaprabha

AU - Smith, Nathan

AU - Dessart, Luc

AU - Nickson, Bryony

AU - Engesser, Michael

AU - Filippenko, Alexei V.

AU - Brink, Thomas G.

AU - Zheng, Wei Kang

AU - Szalai, Tamás

AU - Johansson, Joel

AU - Rest, Armin

AU - Van Dyk, Schuyler D.

AU - Andrews, Jennifer

AU - Ashall, Chris

AU - Clayton, Geoffrey C.

AU - De Looze, Ilse

AU - DerKacy, James M.

AU - Dulude, Michael

AU - Foley, Ryan J.

AU - Gezari, Suvi

AU - Gomez, Sebastian

AU - Gonzaga, Shireen

AU - Indukuri, Siva

AU - Jencson, Jacob

AU - Kasliwal, Mansi

AU - Lane, Zachary G.

AU - Lau, Ryan

AU - Law, David

AU - Marston, Anthony

AU - Milisavljevic, Dan

AU - O’Steen, Richard

AU - Pierel, Justin

AU - Siebert, Matthew

AU - Skrutskie, Michael

AU - Strolger, Lou

AU - Tinyanont, Samaporn

AU - Wang, Qinan

AU - Williams, Brian

AU - Xiao, Lin

AU - Yang, Yi

AU - Zsíros, Szanna

PY - 2025/6/1

Y1 - 2025/6/1

N2 - Dust from core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe), specifically Type IIP supernovae (SNe IIP), has been suggested to be a significant source of the dust observed in high-redshift galaxies. CCSNe eject large amounts of newly formed heavy elements, which can condense into dust grains in the cooling ejecta. However, infrared (IR) observations of typical CCSNe generally measure dust masses that are too small to account for the dust production needed at high redshifts. Type IIn SNe (SNe IIn), classified by their dense circumstellar medium, are also known to exhibit strong IR emission from warm dust, but the dust origin and heating mechanism have generally remained unconstrained because of limited observational capabilities in the mid-IR (MIR). Here, we present a JWST/MIRI Medium Resolution Spectrograph spectrum of the SN IIn SN 2005ip nearly 17 yr post-explosion. The SN IIn SN 2005ip is one of the longest-lasting and most well-studied SNe observed to date. Combined with a Spitzer MIR spectrum of SN 2005ip obtained in 2008, this data set provides a rare 15 yr baseline, allowing for a unique investigation of the evolution of dust. The JWST spectrum shows the emergence of an optically thin silicate dust component (≳0.08 M⊙) that is either not present or more compact/optically thick in the earlier Spitzer spectrum. Our analysis shows that this dust is likely newly formed in the cold, dense shell (CDS), between the forward and reverse shocks, and was not preexisting at the time of the explosion. There is also a smaller mass of carbonaceous dust (≳0.005 M⊙) in the ejecta. These observations provide new insights into the role of SN dust production, particularly within the CDS, and its potential contribution to the rapid dust enrichment of the early Universe.

AB - Dust from core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe), specifically Type IIP supernovae (SNe IIP), has been suggested to be a significant source of the dust observed in high-redshift galaxies. CCSNe eject large amounts of newly formed heavy elements, which can condense into dust grains in the cooling ejecta. However, infrared (IR) observations of typical CCSNe generally measure dust masses that are too small to account for the dust production needed at high redshifts. Type IIn SNe (SNe IIn), classified by their dense circumstellar medium, are also known to exhibit strong IR emission from warm dust, but the dust origin and heating mechanism have generally remained unconstrained because of limited observational capabilities in the mid-IR (MIR). Here, we present a JWST/MIRI Medium Resolution Spectrograph spectrum of the SN IIn SN 2005ip nearly 17 yr post-explosion. The SN IIn SN 2005ip is one of the longest-lasting and most well-studied SNe observed to date. Combined with a Spitzer MIR spectrum of SN 2005ip obtained in 2008, this data set provides a rare 15 yr baseline, allowing for a unique investigation of the evolution of dust. The JWST spectrum shows the emergence of an optically thin silicate dust component (≳0.08 M⊙) that is either not present or more compact/optically thick in the earlier Spitzer spectrum. Our analysis shows that this dust is likely newly formed in the cold, dense shell (CDS), between the forward and reverse shocks, and was not preexisting at the time of the explosion. There is also a smaller mass of carbonaceous dust (≳0.005 M⊙) in the ejecta. These observations provide new insights into the role of SN dust production, particularly within the CDS, and its potential contribution to the rapid dust enrichment of the early Universe.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=105007091305&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=105007091305&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3847/1538-4357/adce77

DO - 10.3847/1538-4357/adce77

M3 - Article

SN - 0004-637X

VL - 985

JO - Astrophysical Journal

JF - Astrophysical Journal

IS - 2

M1 - 262

ER -

JWST/MIRI Observations of Newly Formed Dust in the Cold, Dense Shell of the Type IIn SN 2005ip

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