LinL:Lost in n-best list

Peng Meng; Yun Qing Shi; Liusheng Huang; Zhili Chen; Wei Yang; Abdelrahman Desoky

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-24178-9_23

LinL:Lost in n-best list

Peng Meng, Yun Qing Shi, Liusheng Huang, Zhili Chen, Wei Yang, Abdelrahman Desoky

Electrical and Computer Engineering

New Jersey Institute of Technology

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

5 Scopus citations

Abstract

Translation-based steganography (TBS) is a new kind of text steganographic scheme. However, contemporary TBS methods are vulnerable to statistical attacks. Differently, this paper presents a novel TBS, namely Lost in n-best List, abbreviated as LinL, that is resilient against the current statistical attacks. LinL employs only one Statistical Machine Translator (SMT) in the encoding process which selects one of the n-best list of each cover text sentence in order to camouflage messages in stegotext. The presented theoretical analysis demonstrates that there is a classification accuracy upper bound between normal translated text and the stegotext. When the text size is 1000 sentences, the theoretical maximum classification accuracy is about 60%. The experiment results also show current steganalysis methods cannot detect LinL.

Original language	American English
Title of host publication	Information Hiding - 13th International Conference, IH 2011, Revised Selected Papers
Pages	329-341
Number of pages	13
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-24178-9_23
State	Published - 2011
Event	13th International Conference on Information Hiding, IH 2011 - Prague, Czech Republic Duration: May 18 2011 → May 20 2011

Publication series

Name	Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)
Volume	6958 LNCS

Other

Other	13th International Conference on Information Hiding, IH 2011
Country/Territory	Czech Republic
City	Prague
Period	5/18/11 → 5/20/11

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Theoretical Computer Science
General Computer Science

Keywords

LinL
linguistic steganography
natural language steganography
text steganography
translation-based steganography (TBS)

Access to Document

10.1007/978-3-642-24178-9_23

Cite this

Meng, P., Shi, Y. Q., Huang, L., Chen, Z., Yang, W., & Desoky, A. (2011). LinL:Lost in n-best list. In Information Hiding - 13th International Conference, IH 2011, Revised Selected Papers (pp. 329-341). (Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics); Vol. 6958 LNCS). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-24178-9_23

@inproceedings{1a2f332a818c465cb7463a06bcee9989,

title = "LinL:Lost in n-best list",

abstract = "Translation-based steganography (TBS) is a new kind of text steganographic scheme. However, contemporary TBS methods are vulnerable to statistical attacks. Differently, this paper presents a novel TBS, namely Lost in n-best List, abbreviated as LinL, that is resilient against the current statistical attacks. LinL employs only one Statistical Machine Translator (SMT) in the encoding process which selects one of the n-best list of each cover text sentence in order to camouflage messages in stegotext. The presented theoretical analysis demonstrates that there is a classification accuracy upper bound between normal translated text and the stegotext. When the text size is 1000 sentences, the theoretical maximum classification accuracy is about 60%. The experiment results also show current steganalysis methods cannot detect LinL.",

keywords = "LinL, linguistic steganography, natural language steganography, text steganography, translation-based steganography (TBS)",

author = "Peng Meng and Shi, {Yun Qing} and Liusheng Huang and Zhili Chen and Wei Yang and Abdelrahman Desoky",

note = "Funding Information: Acknowledgment. This work was partly supported by the Major Research Plan of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 90818005) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 60903217).; 13th International Conference on Information Hiding, IH 2011 ; Conference date: 18-05-2011 Through 20-05-2011",

year = "2011",

doi = "10.1007/978-3-642-24178-9_23",

language = "American English",

isbn = "9783642241772",

series = "Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)",

pages = "329--341",

booktitle = "Information Hiding - 13th International Conference, IH 2011, Revised Selected Papers",

}

Meng, P, Shi, YQ, Huang, L, Chen, Z, Yang, W & Desoky, A 2011, LinL:Lost in n-best list. in Information Hiding - 13th International Conference, IH 2011, Revised Selected Papers. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), vol. 6958 LNCS, pp. 329-341, 13th International Conference on Information Hiding, IH 2011, Prague, Czech Republic, 5/18/11. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-24178-9_23

LinL:Lost in n-best list. / Meng, Peng; Shi, Yun Qing; Huang, Liusheng et al.
Information Hiding - 13th International Conference, IH 2011, Revised Selected Papers. 2011. p. 329-341 (Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics); Vol. 6958 LNCS).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

TY - GEN

T1 - LinL:Lost in n-best list

AU - Meng, Peng

AU - Shi, Yun Qing

AU - Huang, Liusheng

AU - Chen, Zhili

AU - Yang, Wei

AU - Desoky, Abdelrahman

N1 - Funding Information: Acknowledgment. This work was partly supported by the Major Research Plan of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 90818005) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 60903217).

PY - 2011

Y1 - 2011

N2 - Translation-based steganography (TBS) is a new kind of text steganographic scheme. However, contemporary TBS methods are vulnerable to statistical attacks. Differently, this paper presents a novel TBS, namely Lost in n-best List, abbreviated as LinL, that is resilient against the current statistical attacks. LinL employs only one Statistical Machine Translator (SMT) in the encoding process which selects one of the n-best list of each cover text sentence in order to camouflage messages in stegotext. The presented theoretical analysis demonstrates that there is a classification accuracy upper bound between normal translated text and the stegotext. When the text size is 1000 sentences, the theoretical maximum classification accuracy is about 60%. The experiment results also show current steganalysis methods cannot detect LinL.

AB - Translation-based steganography (TBS) is a new kind of text steganographic scheme. However, contemporary TBS methods are vulnerable to statistical attacks. Differently, this paper presents a novel TBS, namely Lost in n-best List, abbreviated as LinL, that is resilient against the current statistical attacks. LinL employs only one Statistical Machine Translator (SMT) in the encoding process which selects one of the n-best list of each cover text sentence in order to camouflage messages in stegotext. The presented theoretical analysis demonstrates that there is a classification accuracy upper bound between normal translated text and the stegotext. When the text size is 1000 sentences, the theoretical maximum classification accuracy is about 60%. The experiment results also show current steganalysis methods cannot detect LinL.

KW - LinL

KW - linguistic steganography

KW - natural language steganography

KW - text steganography

KW - translation-based steganography (TBS)

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=80052987720&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=80052987720&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1007/978-3-642-24178-9_23

DO - 10.1007/978-3-642-24178-9_23

M3 - Conference contribution

SN - 9783642241772

T3 - Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)

SP - 329

EP - 341

BT - Information Hiding - 13th International Conference, IH 2011, Revised Selected Papers

T2 - 13th International Conference on Information Hiding, IH 2011

Y2 - 18 May 2011 through 20 May 2011

ER -

LinL:Lost in n-best list

Abstract

Publication series

Other

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Keywords

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this