Midseason cultivation effects on anthracnose of annual bluegrass turf

TY - JOUR

T1 - Midseason cultivation effects on anthracnose of annual bluegrass turf

AU - Hempfling, James W.

AU - Murphy, James A.

AU - Clarke, Bruce B.

N1 - Funding Information: The authors would like to thank T.J. Lawson for assistance with field work. This work was supported by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Hatch Multistate Project 0206183 through the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station, Hatch Multistate Project NJ12294. Additional support was provided by the Rutgers Center for Turfgrass Science, United States Golf Association, Golf Course Superintendents Association of America, Golf Course Superintendents Association of New Jersey, Tri-State Research Foundation, and New Jersey Turfgrass Foundation. Funding Information: The authors would like to thank T.J. Lawson for assistance with field work. This work was supported by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Hatch Multistate Project 0206183 through the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station, Hatch Multistate Project NJ12294. Additional support was provided by the Rutgers Center for Turfgrass Science, United States Golf Association, Golf Course Superintendents Association of America, Golf Course Superintendents Association of New Jersey, Tri‐State Research Foundation, and New Jersey Turfgrass Foundation. Publisher Copyright: © 2020 The Authors. Agronomy Journal published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society of Agronomy

PY - 2020/9/1

Y1 - 2020/9/1

N2 - Mechanical injury from cultivation practices is reported to enhance anthracnose disease, caused by the fungus Colletotrichum cereale Manns sensu lato Crouch, Clarke, and Hillman, of annual bluegrass (ABG) [Poa annua L. forma reptans (Hausskn.) T. Koyama]. Two field experiments were initiated with the objectives of determining the effects of midseason cultivation practices (Experiment 1) and scarifying depth (Experiment 2) on anthracnose severity of ABG maintained at a 3.2-mm mowing height on a Nixon sandy loam in North Brunswick, NJ. Experiment 1 treatments consisted of grooming, verticutting, scarifying, and solid-tining every 21 d as well as weekly grooming and no cultivation over 2 years. Experiment 2 evaluated single treatments of shallow and deep scarifying and a nontreated control in three runs. Verticutting increased the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) compared with no cultivation during the first year, whereas verticutting and scarifying increased AUDPC relative to no cultivation during the second year. No other cultivation treatments differed from the control during either year in Experiment 1. In Experiment 2, scarifying did not increase AUDPC during any run at either depth. Results from these experiments indicate that cultivation practices that affect at least 15% of the turf surface area and injure crowns may increase anthracnose severity, whereas practices that affect a smaller turf area or only leaf tissue will not increase disease severity.

AB - Mechanical injury from cultivation practices is reported to enhance anthracnose disease, caused by the fungus Colletotrichum cereale Manns sensu lato Crouch, Clarke, and Hillman, of annual bluegrass (ABG) [Poa annua L. forma reptans (Hausskn.) T. Koyama]. Two field experiments were initiated with the objectives of determining the effects of midseason cultivation practices (Experiment 1) and scarifying depth (Experiment 2) on anthracnose severity of ABG maintained at a 3.2-mm mowing height on a Nixon sandy loam in North Brunswick, NJ. Experiment 1 treatments consisted of grooming, verticutting, scarifying, and solid-tining every 21 d as well as weekly grooming and no cultivation over 2 years. Experiment 2 evaluated single treatments of shallow and deep scarifying and a nontreated control in three runs. Verticutting increased the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) compared with no cultivation during the first year, whereas verticutting and scarifying increased AUDPC relative to no cultivation during the second year. No other cultivation treatments differed from the control during either year in Experiment 1. In Experiment 2, scarifying did not increase AUDPC during any run at either depth. Results from these experiments indicate that cultivation practices that affect at least 15% of the turf surface area and injure crowns may increase anthracnose severity, whereas practices that affect a smaller turf area or only leaf tissue will not increase disease severity.

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U2 - https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.20202

DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.20202

M3 - Article

SN - 0002-1962

VL - 112

SP - 3411

EP - 3417

JO - Agronomy Journal

JF - Agronomy Journal

IS - 5

ER -