TY - JOUR
T1 - Thyroid hormone induces apoptosis in primary cell cultures of tadpole intestine
T2 - Cell type specificity and effects of extracellular matrix
AU - Su, Yuan
AU - Shi, Yufang
AU - Stolow, Melissa A.
AU - Shi, Yun Bo
PY - 1997/12/15
Y1 - 1997/12/15
N2 - Thyroid hormone (T3 or 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine) plays a causative role during amphibian metamorphosis. To investigate how T3 induces some cells to die and others to proliferate and differentiate during this process, we have chosen the model system of intestinal remodeling, which involves apoptotic degeneration of larval epithelial cells and proliferation and differentiation of other cells, such as the fibroblasts and adult epithelial cells, to form the adult intestine. We have established in vitro culture conditions for intestinal epithelial cells and fibroblasts. With this system, we show that T3 can enhance the proliferation of both cell types. However, T3 also concurrently induces larval epithelial apoptosis, which can be inhibited by the extracellular matrix (ECM). Our studies with known inhibitors of mammalian cell death reveal both similarities and differences between amphibian and mammalian cell death. These, together with gene expression analysis, reveal that T3 appears to simultaneously induce different pathways that lead to specific gene regulation, proliferation, and apoptotic degeneration of the epithelial cells. Thus, our data provide an important molecular and cellular basis for the differential responses of different cell types to the endogenous T3 during metamorphosis and support a role of ECM during frog metamorphosis.
AB - Thyroid hormone (T3 or 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine) plays a causative role during amphibian metamorphosis. To investigate how T3 induces some cells to die and others to proliferate and differentiate during this process, we have chosen the model system of intestinal remodeling, which involves apoptotic degeneration of larval epithelial cells and proliferation and differentiation of other cells, such as the fibroblasts and adult epithelial cells, to form the adult intestine. We have established in vitro culture conditions for intestinal epithelial cells and fibroblasts. With this system, we show that T3 can enhance the proliferation of both cell types. However, T3 also concurrently induces larval epithelial apoptosis, which can be inhibited by the extracellular matrix (ECM). Our studies with known inhibitors of mammalian cell death reveal both similarities and differences between amphibian and mammalian cell death. These, together with gene expression analysis, reveal that T3 appears to simultaneously induce different pathways that lead to specific gene regulation, proliferation, and apoptotic degeneration of the epithelial cells. Thus, our data provide an important molecular and cellular basis for the differential responses of different cell types to the endogenous T3 during metamorphosis and support a role of ECM during frog metamorphosis.
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U2 - 10.1083/jcb.139.6.1533
DO - 10.1083/jcb.139.6.1533
M3 - Article
C2 - 9396758
SN - 0021-9525
VL - 139
SP - 1533
EP - 1543
JO - Journal of Cell Biology
JF - Journal of Cell Biology
IS - 6
ER -