U.S. Trends in Age of Cigar Smoking Initiation by Race/Ethnicity and Education

Lilianna Phan; Timothy S. McNeel; Julia Chen-Sankey; Jeff Niederdeppe; Andy S.L. Tan; Kelvin Choi

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2022.04.004

U.S. Trends in Age of Cigar Smoking Initiation by Race/Ethnicity and Education

Lilianna Phan, Timothy S. McNeel, Julia Chen-Sankey, Jeff Niederdeppe, Andy S.L. Tan, Kelvin Choi

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Introduction: Younger age of initiating cigar smoking is associated with greater nicotine dependence and current use. Age of initiating cigarette smoking has increased over time, whereas trends in age of initiating cigar smoking remain understudied. These trends were examined by race/ethnicity, by education, and at their intersection. Methods: The analytic sample included U.S. Hispanic, Black, and White cigar-ever-smokers aged 24‒25 years (n=29,715) from the 2002‒2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Participants reported their age, race/ethnicity, sex, education (≤high school; some college; ≥bachelor's degree), age of initiating cannabis use, and cigar smoking. Weighted multivariable linear regressions adjusted for sex and age of cannabis use initiation were used to examine trends in age of initiating cigar smoking by race/ethnicity, education, and education Χ year interactions within racial/ethnic groups. Age of initiating cigar smoking comparisons across race/ethnicity and education were examined using the most recent 2019 data. Results: During 2002‒2019, across education, White cigar-ever-smokers started smoking cigars at an older age, whereas it remained unchanged among Hispanic cigar-ever-smokers. Among Black cigar-ever-smokers, age of initiating cigar smoking did not change among those with ≤high school and some college, and was older among those with ≥bachelor's degree. In 2019, age of initiating cigar smoking did not vary by educational level among Hispanic and White cigar-ever-smokers. Black cigar-ever-smokers with ≥bachelor's degree initiated cigar smoking at older ages than their White counterparts. Conclusions: Black individuals experienced widening education-related disparities, and Hispanic individuals had no progress in delaying age of initiating cigar smoking. Regulatory action banning cigar flavors may impact these trends.

Original language	American English
Pages (from-to)	624-629
Number of pages	6
Journal	American Journal of Preventive Medicine
Volume	63
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2022.04.004
State	Published - Oct 2022
Externally published	Yes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Epidemiology
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2022.04.004

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@article{89475b12af1547718db73afda466eb54,

title = "U.S. Trends in Age of Cigar Smoking Initiation by Race/Ethnicity and Education",

abstract = "Introduction: Younger age of initiating cigar smoking is associated with greater nicotine dependence and current use. Age of initiating cigarette smoking has increased over time, whereas trends in age of initiating cigar smoking remain understudied. These trends were examined by race/ethnicity, by education, and at their intersection. Methods: The analytic sample included U.S. Hispanic, Black, and White cigar-ever-smokers aged 24‒25 years (n=29,715) from the 2002‒2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Participants reported their age, race/ethnicity, sex, education (≤high school; some college; ≥bachelor's degree), age of initiating cannabis use, and cigar smoking. Weighted multivariable linear regressions adjusted for sex and age of cannabis use initiation were used to examine trends in age of initiating cigar smoking by race/ethnicity, education, and education Χ year interactions within racial/ethnic groups. Age of initiating cigar smoking comparisons across race/ethnicity and education were examined using the most recent 2019 data. Results: During 2002‒2019, across education, White cigar-ever-smokers started smoking cigars at an older age, whereas it remained unchanged among Hispanic cigar-ever-smokers. Among Black cigar-ever-smokers, age of initiating cigar smoking did not change among those with ≤high school and some college, and was older among those with ≥bachelor's degree. In 2019, age of initiating cigar smoking did not vary by educational level among Hispanic and White cigar-ever-smokers. Black cigar-ever-smokers with ≥bachelor's degree initiated cigar smoking at older ages than their White counterparts. Conclusions: Black individuals experienced widening education-related disparities, and Hispanic individuals had no progress in delaying age of initiating cigar smoking. Regulatory action banning cigar flavors may impact these trends.",

author = "Lilianna Phan and McNeel, {Timothy S.} and Julia Chen-Sankey and Jeff Niederdeppe and Tan, {Andy S.L.} and Kelvin Choi",

note = "Funding Information: Opinions and comments expressed in this article belong to the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the U.S. Government, HHS, NIH, and National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities. This work is supported by the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities Division of Intramural Research. JCS is supported by the Pathway to Independence Award in Tobacco Regulatory Science from National Cancer Institute/Food and Drug Administration (R00CA242589), Penn/Rutgers Tobacco Centers of Regulatory Science (U54CA229973), and Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey Cancer Center Support Grant (P30CA072720). No financial disclosures were reported by the authors of this paper. Lilianna Phan: Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Visualization, Writing - original draft, Writing - review and editing. Timothy S. McNeel: Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Writing - review and editing. Julia Chen-Sankey: Conceptualization, Writing - review and editing. Jeff Niederdeppe: Conceptualization, Writing - review and editing. Andy S.L. Tan: Conceptualization, Writing - review and editing. Kelvin Choi: Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing - original draft, Writing - review and editing. Funding Information: This work is supported by the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities Division of Intramural Research. JCS is supported by the Pathway to Independence Award in Tobacco Regulatory Science from National Cancer Institute/Food and Drug Administration (R00CA242589), Penn/Rutgers Tobacco Centers of Regulatory Science (U54CA229973), and Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey Cancer Center Support Grant (P30CA072720). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 American Journal of Preventive Medicine",

year = "2022",

month = oct,

doi = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2022.04.004",

language = "American English",

volume = "63",

pages = "624--629",

journal = "American Journal of Preventive Medicine",

issn = "0749-3797",

publisher = "Elsevier Inc.",

number = "4",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - U.S. Trends in Age of Cigar Smoking Initiation by Race/Ethnicity and Education

AU - Phan, Lilianna

AU - McNeel, Timothy S.

AU - Chen-Sankey, Julia

AU - Niederdeppe, Jeff

AU - Tan, Andy S.L.

AU - Choi, Kelvin

N1 - Funding Information: Opinions and comments expressed in this article belong to the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the U.S. Government, HHS, NIH, and National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities. This work is supported by the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities Division of Intramural Research. JCS is supported by the Pathway to Independence Award in Tobacco Regulatory Science from National Cancer Institute/Food and Drug Administration (R00CA242589), Penn/Rutgers Tobacco Centers of Regulatory Science (U54CA229973), and Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey Cancer Center Support Grant (P30CA072720). No financial disclosures were reported by the authors of this paper. Lilianna Phan: Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Visualization, Writing - original draft, Writing - review and editing. Timothy S. McNeel: Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Writing - review and editing. Julia Chen-Sankey: Conceptualization, Writing - review and editing. Jeff Niederdeppe: Conceptualization, Writing - review and editing. Andy S.L. Tan: Conceptualization, Writing - review and editing. Kelvin Choi: Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing - original draft, Writing - review and editing. Funding Information: This work is supported by the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities Division of Intramural Research. JCS is supported by the Pathway to Independence Award in Tobacco Regulatory Science from National Cancer Institute/Food and Drug Administration (R00CA242589), Penn/Rutgers Tobacco Centers of Regulatory Science (U54CA229973), and Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey Cancer Center Support Grant (P30CA072720). Publisher Copyright: © 2022 American Journal of Preventive Medicine

PY - 2022/10

Y1 - 2022/10

N2 - Introduction: Younger age of initiating cigar smoking is associated with greater nicotine dependence and current use. Age of initiating cigarette smoking has increased over time, whereas trends in age of initiating cigar smoking remain understudied. These trends were examined by race/ethnicity, by education, and at their intersection. Methods: The analytic sample included U.S. Hispanic, Black, and White cigar-ever-smokers aged 24‒25 years (n=29,715) from the 2002‒2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Participants reported their age, race/ethnicity, sex, education (≤high school; some college; ≥bachelor's degree), age of initiating cannabis use, and cigar smoking. Weighted multivariable linear regressions adjusted for sex and age of cannabis use initiation were used to examine trends in age of initiating cigar smoking by race/ethnicity, education, and education Χ year interactions within racial/ethnic groups. Age of initiating cigar smoking comparisons across race/ethnicity and education were examined using the most recent 2019 data. Results: During 2002‒2019, across education, White cigar-ever-smokers started smoking cigars at an older age, whereas it remained unchanged among Hispanic cigar-ever-smokers. Among Black cigar-ever-smokers, age of initiating cigar smoking did not change among those with ≤high school and some college, and was older among those with ≥bachelor's degree. In 2019, age of initiating cigar smoking did not vary by educational level among Hispanic and White cigar-ever-smokers. Black cigar-ever-smokers with ≥bachelor's degree initiated cigar smoking at older ages than their White counterparts. Conclusions: Black individuals experienced widening education-related disparities, and Hispanic individuals had no progress in delaying age of initiating cigar smoking. Regulatory action banning cigar flavors may impact these trends.

AB - Introduction: Younger age of initiating cigar smoking is associated with greater nicotine dependence and current use. Age of initiating cigarette smoking has increased over time, whereas trends in age of initiating cigar smoking remain understudied. These trends were examined by race/ethnicity, by education, and at their intersection. Methods: The analytic sample included U.S. Hispanic, Black, and White cigar-ever-smokers aged 24‒25 years (n=29,715) from the 2002‒2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Participants reported their age, race/ethnicity, sex, education (≤high school; some college; ≥bachelor's degree), age of initiating cannabis use, and cigar smoking. Weighted multivariable linear regressions adjusted for sex and age of cannabis use initiation were used to examine trends in age of initiating cigar smoking by race/ethnicity, education, and education Χ year interactions within racial/ethnic groups. Age of initiating cigar smoking comparisons across race/ethnicity and education were examined using the most recent 2019 data. Results: During 2002‒2019, across education, White cigar-ever-smokers started smoking cigars at an older age, whereas it remained unchanged among Hispanic cigar-ever-smokers. Among Black cigar-ever-smokers, age of initiating cigar smoking did not change among those with ≤high school and some college, and was older among those with ≥bachelor's degree. In 2019, age of initiating cigar smoking did not vary by educational level among Hispanic and White cigar-ever-smokers. Black cigar-ever-smokers with ≥bachelor's degree initiated cigar smoking at older ages than their White counterparts. Conclusions: Black individuals experienced widening education-related disparities, and Hispanic individuals had no progress in delaying age of initiating cigar smoking. Regulatory action banning cigar flavors may impact these trends.

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U2 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2022.04.004

DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2022.04.004

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SN - 0749-3797

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JO - American Journal of Preventive Medicine

JF - American Journal of Preventive Medicine

IS - 4

ER -

U.S. Trends in Age of Cigar Smoking Initiation by Race/Ethnicity and Education

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